Pillar 02

Setu Nidhi

A community fund that the poorest household is not crushed by, that the richest cannot quietly buy, and that every resident can audit from their phone.

The problem with a flat charge

₹500 from everyone is arithmetic, not policy

A stepped bar diagram of five ascending blocks, the first at zero height drawn as an outline only and the rest rising in saffron, with an identical house icon beneath each block and a clock-and-hands icon beside the zero block.
The households are the same size. Only the contribution differs — and the first one is work, not money.

Twenty thousand families at ₹500 a month produces ₹1 crore a month and ₹12 crore a year. It is a clean illustration and it makes the scale vivid. It is also, taken literally, regressive: the same charge on a household earning ₹8,000 and one earning ₹80,000 is not equal treatment.

The source paper says as much — a final system should not impose the same burden regardless of income. This page makes that replacement concrete.

Five bands

Band Monthly Who
0₹0 Automatic for households already identified as poor by existing systems — NFSA ration card, PM-JAY, state BPL. No new means test, no separate application, no separate humiliation.
1₹100Self-declared. Low-income households above the exemption threshold.
2₹300Self-declared. The expected modal band in most units.
3₹500Self-declared. Comfortable households.
4₹1,000Self-declared, plus voluntary top-ups above it.

The distribution of bands is published in aggregate. An individual household's band is private — because a public list of who pays what becomes a public list of who is poor.

Shram-daan — work instead of money
A man in his fifties in a worn shirt and lungi planting a sapling on a public verge in the early morning with a watering can beside him and a small ledger card in his shirt pocket, while a woman sweeps the steps of a community building behind him.
Contribution, not charity. The distinction is the entire equity argument.

Any household may substitute four hours of verified community work a month for its cash band. Cleaning a park, helping at the learning centre, planting and watering, assisting at an event, accompanying an elderly neighbour to a clinic.

This is the single most important line in the finance model. It means a household with no spare rupee still participates as a contributor rather than a recipient — and it means the unit's register of who has given something is not simply a register of who has money.

Check the numbers

What a real band mix raises

Set the household count and the share in each band. The percentages are normalised, so the total is always honest.

7,000

Band mix

25%
25%
28%
16%
6%

Other sources

₹1,20,000
1.0×
45%
Community pool, monthly
Community pool, yearly
With state matching
Shram-daan hours / month
Read this carefully

The realistic answer is smaller than the ₹12 crore illustration, and it should be. A unit raising ₹1.5–3 crore a year of its own money, doubled by a state match, is enough to maintain what exists, finish small works quickly and visibly, and employ a handful of community workers. It is not enough to build a hospital — and the model never claimed it was.

Rupee figures on this site are illustrative. The band structure is the proposal; the numbers need a demographer and a state finance department.

Where it goes

Small, visible, finished

What the fund buys

  • Footpath and road repair, within engineering standards
  • Street and public-space lighting
  • Parks, playgrounds, trees, benches, shade
  • Drainage, sanitation and waste management improvements
  • Materials for approved works where government supplies the skill
  • The learning park, public digital access, accessibility works
  • Lake, stream and neighbourhood restoration under competent supervision
  • Wages for community employment and Sahayata tasks

What government still provides

The bargain is not that residents buy the state twice. Local money makes small things fast and visible. Government supplies what a community cannot efficiently create for itself:

  • Engineers, planners and skilled technical staff
  • Legal permissions and procurement frameworks
  • Specialist machinery and logistics
  • Safety standards and regulatory oversight
  • Matching grants and equalisation transfers

30% maintenance floor

A horizontal gauge diagram with a fixed saffron line marking a minimum threshold near the left and the filled portion sitting just above it in green, with a small greyed ribbon-cutting icon and a larger coloured spanner icon beneath.
New construction always beats a repaired drain. That is exactly why it needs a floor.

A standing minimum of the fund reserved for maintaining what already exists. New construction is always more attractive than a repaired drain, which is precisely why it needs a floor.

20% decided by residents

One-fifth allocated every year by open participatory vote — proposals from residents, costed by the technical officer, chosen by the neighbourhood.

Approved by a jury drawn by lot

Twenty-five residents selected at random, stratified by gender, age, locality and tenure, rotating every six months — not a standing committee of the same influential families.

Transparency

Auditable from a phone

A large printed notice board on the outside wall of a small community building showing columns of figures and photographs of completed works, with three residents of different ages reading it, one pointing at a line and one comparing on a phone.
The dashboard has a physical form too, because not everybody has the app.
  • A public dashboard of every receipt, approved project, procurement, stage of progress and completed work.
  • Cost and plan published before work begins, with a resident feedback period.
  • Independent audit and random technical inspection.
  • No cash for major transactions — traceable digital payment and standard procurement only.
  • Conflict-of-interest declarations from everyone who decides anything.
  • Two-key approval above a threshold: the jury chair and an independent technical officer.
  • A clear line between community consultation and statutory approval — the unit consults; the municipality or panchayat approves.

Beyond household money

Household contributions are the visible, participatory layer — not the whole budget. A credible unit draws on CSR (published, with a no-strings rule), convergence with MPLAD and MLALAD works, Finance Commission grants that already flow to local bodies, Sangam-level municipal bonds for larger works, and voluntary institutional contributions from trusts of any faith. All listed publicly. None of them buys a say in decisions.